The Ireland & UK Genealogy Project

Modern society has been built by inventors experimenting with various tools and entrepreneurs making it a viable business. Charles August Fey fits both of these categories have been the one to invent and market some of the first slot machines ever created.

Today, slots are ubiquitous, found in nearly every casino on the planet, also in betting shops, repair shops, and pubs and bars. They can also be played over the internet via smartphones, tablets, and computers. The online casinos that offer these video slots often churn out hundreds of different titles for their customers to choose from, including their own exclusives such as Amazon Rayne, Tomb of Ra, and Fiesta De San Fermin.

But it was far from the original mechanical device developed and promoted by Fey and his contemporaries. And although others had the idea earlier, Fey is widely credited with being the inventor of the modern slot machine when he introduced several important innovations that allowed it to become so widespread.

EARLY LIFE AND CAREER

Born in Vöhringen, Bavaria in September 1862, Fey was originally named August, although he was replaced by Charles when he eventually moved to the United States. His journey to North America was indirect, he began his career working in a business that manufactured farm equipment, enabling him to develop the essential skills that would shape the rest of his life.

After a few years, Fey jumped the border into France and then across the Channel to England. However, with relatives in New Jersey, he traveled to the US to live with his uncle, Martin Vollman.

But when Vollman returned to Germany, Fey was almost completely alone in North America, so he decided to travel across the country. Like other entrepreneurs, such as Dave Hester, he eventually settled in California.

In a common setback for the time, Fey contracted tuberculosis and his doctors only gave him a year to live. With nothing to lose, he headed south to Mexico, where the climate was even warmer. He then went on creosote treatment in San Francisco, which seems to have cured his TB.

Following the American Dream, Fey quit his job at Western Electric Works and started his own company to service the telephones and electrical equipment still rolling out across the country. A few years later, in 1896, he also opened a workshop where he would build his first slot machine.

LIBERTY BELL

Slot machines have been around since the 1880s, although they were required to have attendants who would check the position of the reels and manually award payouts to players. This was a factor that severely limited their growth as labor costs meant they couldn’t be scaled up.

Gustav Freidrich Willhelm Schultze created a solution for this in 1893. His Horseshoe Slot machine had an automatic payout system, although this prize was usually in the form of tokens or tickets.

Fey took the idea one step further, creating a mechanism that paid out coins, as was commonplace today. He added this feature to his Liberty Bell Slot Machine, a name that refers to the three bells that, if landed, paid a jackpot of 50 cents.

The Liberty Bell was a huge hit with bar and shop patrons, so Fey struck a deal with the business owner where he would supply the machine free of charge in exchange for a 50% share of the profits.

This win-win proposition allowed Fey to become one of the largest slot machine operators in the entire United States in the early 20th century.

ETERNAL IMPACT

California law at the time prevented Fey from obtaining a patent for his Liberty Bell machine, which allowed other businesspeople to legally copy his ideas. While he managed to garner a lot of traction himself, this meant that Fey faced a lot of competition in the slots business.

Not only did they copy the mechanics of the Liberty Bell, but many other slot manufacturers used similar imagery on their reels, forever cementing the bell as one of the most common symbols in the game to this day.

Because of its invention, slot games are known today, even with the development of technology and the internet, anyone can easily find slot games via their smartphone. One of the most popular games is Olympus Slot, which is taken from Ancient Greek Mythology.

As we know that George Boole was a mathematician and philosopher from England. Through logical logic and algebra of modern philosophy, he succeeded in developing it which is now known as Boolean Algebra.

George has an elementary school education, but a little more formal and academic teaching. William Brooke, literature at Lincoln, might have helped him teach Latin, which he could also study at Thomas Bainbridge’s school.

George had to help his family when his father’s business declined. When he was 16 years old, he trained in a school that was in the Riding of Yorkshie West. He uses his spare time to read.

George listened to a math journal at Lincoln Mechanics Institute. In addition, he also read about Isaac Newton, Principia, Joseph-Louis Lagrange Mécanique and Pierre-Simon Laplace Traite de mécanique céleste to analyze and solve problems in algebra.

Through a mathematics book, George studied deeper calculus when he would participate in the Lincoln Mechanics Institute sent by Sir Edward Bromhead. Besides, through George Stevens Dickson, Sylvestre Francois Lacroix also sent him calculus texts.

When he was 20 years old, George Boolean established a school in Lincoln. When he was 24 years old, he picked up Hall’s Academy in Waddington. He got the academy when Robert Hall, who at that time was the owner, died.

In 1841, he pursued Invariant Theory, a new branch of mathematics. This mathematical theory is a source of inspiration for Albert Einstein. In 1844, he discussed the mixed methods of algebra and calculus through a paper in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.

In 1849, he worked as a mathematics professor at Queen College, Cork in Ireland. In 1845, he worked on logic, algebra or Boolean algebra, and he also introduced general symbolic methods through Thought Law from logical inference.

In 1855, George married Maru Everest and had five female children, namely Magaret, Mary Lucy, Lucy Everest, Alicia, and Ethel Lilian. Then in 1847, he decided to participate in community development.

Among his daughters, Alicia Boole became a mathematician. Meanwhile, her daughter named Everest Boole became the first female professor in the UK in Chemistry.

George was awarded the Keith Medal by the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1855 and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1857. He also received an honorary degree LL.D. From the University of Dublin and the University of Oxford.

George is one of the most experienced advanced mathematicians who is the most dominant in the world history of calculus. He also put the basic foundation for the information age. Thanks to George’s contribution in mathematics it was indeed effective in helping digital design computers and electronic circuits.

Pablo Picasso is an artist who lived in the 20th century who came from Spain. He was known as a revolutionary and sophisticated painter of his time, he was known as an artist of cubism, who had cultivated the world of art in Spain.

At the age of 14, Pablo passed the entrance examination of the School of Fine Arts in Barcelona, ​​and two years moved to Madrid to study at the Royal Academy. Picasso returned to Barcelona and joined Els Quatre Gats (the place of all poets, artists, and critics in exchanging ideas obtained from outside Spain). When he was 23 years old, he moved to Paris, France.

THE JOURNEY OF BEING AN ARTIST

While being the most productive Picasso, artist. The information we got was that he had produced 20,000 works in his life. His style of art is not a little admired. He is among those who like new things from all artists. This was shown because he often changed the style of painting from the style of blue and pink paintings to the style of cubism, the impact of this evolution was influenced by Georges Braque, a friend who was both an artist.

Cubism’s style surprised the art world because it was able to process people’s perceptions of the beauty of art. One of his works that is nuanced by cubism is the Demoiselles d’Avignon. There are exciting things in the painting where the format of the painting is difficult to recognize this business does not mean Picasso carelessly in creating paintings.

He has studied the work of Iberian sculptors and other African statues (primitive statues) which are often curved and disproportionate.

Not only a painter, but he also produces sculptures. As a ballet stage designer; he struggled with the art of making pots, leaving as many lithographic works as he could, painting passing lines by using a pencil from not a few other branches of art.

Pablo was interested in political matters. He poured his interest through his painting which had the name Guernica, which was created in 1937. Events in the Spanish civil war inspired art. Not only “Guernica” a number of his works are also related to politics.

Picasso was able to make the facts of life a source of inspiration from his work. For example, Mesra Cinta paintings (blue period). The painting Guernica is the center of the eye at the Reina Sofia Museum (Madrid). Guernica took place during the civil war and the fall of hundreds of bombs. Then dove, a symbol of world peace, it turned out that was his design. Picasso completed the graphic art after being inspired by the Melanesian bird, given by Henri Matisse.

Picasso is a melancholy artist; his genius is revealed from his most sensitive and detailed nature in judging a fact of life. He also made women a source of inspiration. That said, each woman gave a contrary inspiration to him. For example, from his lover, Marie-Terese Walter, he produced the work of La Reve (dream). From his other lover, Eva Gouel, a painting of the Dans Un Fauteuil Femme Assise was created, which was among the cubistic-style masterpieces.

Pablo was admired in the 20th century with the results of his work, and he was also dominant in the growth of modern art. He was dubbed by all critics his work such as “pink period,” “neo-classical period,” and “blue period.” He is dominant in the progress of art in the world. People know him because he is rich and because of his work which has a high selling price. And in 1973, he died at Mougins-France.

There are many Hollywood celebrities born from intermarriage between two different races. Some of them have Middle Eastern blood.

Most of them have a face that can make people stunned. They come from various professions, ranging from models, musicians, to actresses in Hollywood. Even now, they are still actively involved in the entertainment world.

The coil has summarized a series of Hollywood celebrities who are of Middle Eastern descent. This is it:

Ariana Grande

The singer who was born on June 26, 1993, turned out to have Middle Eastern blood, namely Tunisia or Morocco. This was revealed when the singer of the song ‘No Tears Left to Cry’ wrote the status on his personal Twitter account, @ArianaGrande, in 2014.

In her tweet, the 24-year-old woman tells us that she only found out the ancestry of her grandparents. Previously, he thought that he was of Italian descent.

“Just found out that my grandparents were Greeks and part of North Africans. I think I’m Italian. Who am I? My whole life is a lie,” wrote the singer-song “The Way. “

Gigi Hadid and Bella Hadid

The names of the brothers are famous as international models. Many already know if they have Middle Eastern ancestry. Their father, Mohamed Hadid, who was Palestinian, married Yolanda Hadid from the Netherlands.

When he saw the conflict in Palestine, Gigi gave his support by writing a tweet in his Personal Twitter account, @GiGiHadid, so that the country could soon become independent.

“I told you before, and I will say it again. For me, this is not a matter of religion or one against the other. This is about greed. #FreePalestine #freegaza #coexist,” he wrote.

Shakira

Shakira was born and raised in Colombia. His mother, Nidia del Carmen Ripoll, is a Colombian who has Spanish and Italian ancestry while the father named William Mebarak Chadid is a man born in the United States who has Lebanese blood.

In fact, the name Shakira itself is taken from Arabic, which means ‘thanksgiving.’ When the singer of the song ‘Chantaje’ was only four years old, his father took him to a Middle Eastern restaurant. When he heard Arabic music, he began to do belly dancing.

“I really like that. I asked my father to buy me some Arabic music albums, and my mother bought me a turquoise dress made specifically for practice (belly dance),” Shakira told Rolling Stone.

Gal Gadot

Gal Gadot is both a model and an Israeli actress. His parents, Irit and Michael Gadot, also came from Israel. He was born and raised there. At the age of 18, Gadot was chosen to become Miss Israel in 2004.

The 33-year-old woman spread her wings by acting. His name began to soar when he played Gisele Yashar in the film ‘Fast and the Furious.’ After that, he starred in several other films such as ‘Keeping Up with the Joneses,’ ‘Wonder Woman’ and ‘Justice League.’

Zoe Saldana

Actress Zoe Saldana was born in New Jersey, United States. His father, Aridio Saldaña, is the Dominican Republic. While the mother, Asalia Nazario, came from Puerto Rico. Zoe also spoke in two languages, namely English and Spanish.

When the cast of the film ‘Guardians of the Galaxy’ became the star of an advertisement for one of the beauty products, it was implied that he had descendants from Lebanon. Because, in the video, it reads, ‘Dominican, Haitian, Puerto Rican, Lebanese.’

“There is a story behind my skin. This is a mosaic of some previous faces,” Zoe said in the video.

Jenna Dewan

Actress and dancer Jenna Dewan was born in the United States. However, he is one of the celebrities who have Lebanese ancestry. His father, Darryll Dewan, was a crossbreed of Lebanon and Poland. The board itself is the Arabic name of his father’s family.

While the mother of the cast of the film ‘The Wedding Year’ is of German and British descent. He has three brothers, namely Dawson, Dayne, and Daniel.

Salma Hayek

Another celebrity who also has Lebanese ancestry is Salma Hayek. He got his Middle Eastern blood from his father, Sami Hayek Dominguez, who is a Mexican of Lebanese descent. While the mother, Diana Jimenez Medina, is of Mexican descent.

The name Salma was taken from Arabic, which means ‘peace.’ Reported by Reuters, the cast of the film ‘Tale of Tales’ with his father visited his grandfather’s house, located in the village of Baabdat, Lebanon, in 2015.

One time there was a boy who decided to study out of town but remained in one province. He decided to go to college and learn to live independently by living apart from his parents. For several years at college, he met many new friends and acquaintances. Including meeting a girl who made him fall in love. The introduction continued step by step until they formed a relationship like a couple. They love each other.

Sometime later, during the holidays, the child brought the girl who became his girlfriend back home to introduce it to parents. The child’s parents look open and accept the arrival and good intentions of the child. The child’s parents invite the girl to talk about many things, including her family and parents. How surprised the young man’s parents turned out to be the girl’s family has a kinship with his family.

As a result, of course, their relationship cannot continue. It turns out they have a kinship that cannot be united as husband and wife. If they keep doing it, they will certainly get social sanctions from their customs. Even though they already love each other. It turned out that their relationship had to be grounded because they were related. It all happened as a result of the lack of understanding and knowledge of each child about his family lineage and his own kinship. Fortunately, they have not done all sorts of things and have not stepped into a more serious stage. If it is done, imagine what will happen next!

From the story above, what can we take lessons? It turns out that it is so important for all of us to know and understand our own family tree. It’s important for us to have knowledge about the kinship and blood ties between our relatives out there and us.

In the Minangkabau culture, according to my observations so far, this has been very emphasized. Kinship among family members is maintained. Each family will introduce family members to other family members. For example, during the holidays and important events such as marriage ceremonies, deaths, and other traditional ceremonies, each family will give an understanding to their families that they have a kinship with the family and the like.

So that members of a family will understand about the lineage of his descendants. Siblings of their parents, relatives of their parents, siblings of parents of their own parents, relatives of parents of their parents, and so on and up. In accordance with lineage, blood ties, and kinship ties.

Not only that, usually, the family will notify family members or relatives who are outside the area. So that when family members are outside the area where there are relatives, they can still maintain good relations with other family members.

Actually, it is so important for us to know and understand our family tree and family relationships. Many benefits and other important things that we will get, from him:

Maintain good relations among family members.

Knowing our family tree that we have relationships with other families will certainly try to keep the relationship in harmony and well maintained.

Give support in times of need, and share happiness when you like.

By knowing that we have relatives and relatives, of course, we can share our likes and likes with them. And vice versa, they can also do the same thing so that our sadness and happiness can be more meaningful.

Avoiding events due to miss communication.

The example above is a case due to a lack of communication between family members so that each family member does not understand well his kinship with other family members who are in far apart places.

Realizing that we are not alone.

By knowing the kinship and kinship between each party, he certainly realized that all this time, he had lived not only by himself. That he apparently has a lot of people who have connections and relationships with his family.

Avoiding individualistic attitudes.

As a result of the current urban lifestyle, people are becoming more individualistic. Such attitudes do not only occur in people who live in cities but also those who live in villages. But this can still be prevented by maintaining relationships with our fellow relatives.

Preserve the bloodline.

By having knowledge of kinship relations, it is able to maintain and preserve our ancestry. So there is no terminology in which the lineage of a tribe or adat has been broken. Thus, of course, our lineage will be well preserved and safe.

From the points above, we can know that having good knowledge and understanding of heredity and kinship is very important. Besides the points above, there are many other points actually. If it’s lacking, please add it yourself in the comments column.

So the point is all of us need to have knowledge and understanding of lineage, kinship, and kinship inherent in our lives in society.